First-year college costs: 10 expenses to prepare for beyond tuition

First-year college costs: 10 expenses to prepare for beyond tuition

College freshmen have to think about more than tuition and housing when it comes to paying for college. A college budget needs to account for class supplies, transportation, medical care and more. Here are 10 expenses that college students can prepare for before move-in day:
  1. Books and supplies.
  2. Technology.
  3. Dorm furnishings and personal items.
  4. Study abroad programs.
  5. Groceries and dining out.
  6. Medical care.
  7. Clothing.
  8. Greek life.
  9. Transportation.
  10. A savings account and emergency fund.

10 costs to prepare for as a first-time college student

College freshmen may be surprised when bills for their first semester roll in. To avoid unexpected costs, create a budget in advance that accounts for all of the costs of college.

The estimated costs for each item below are taken from nationwide averages, but your expenses will vary depending on the school you attend, your financial situation and more. The cost of supplies, for instance, is different for English majors than for engineering majors, and not everyone will choose to join Greek life or study abroad. To get the most accurate estimate of your costs, consult your school’s website and conduct a financial audit.

1. Books and supplies

The costs of necessary learning materials, such as textbooks, notebooks, calculators, backpacks and more, can easily reach hundreds of dollars per semester. However, college professors will typically release the class syllabus and book requirements in advance, so you have time to find less-expensive options beyond the campus bookstore.

To save money on textbooks each semester, consider renting your books or buying them used. Some courses, however, require one-time online access codes, and those can’t be rented or bought used.

Estimated cost: $1,200 to $1,400 per year

2. Technology

While most libraries have computers for student use, it’s nearly impossible to go through college without a laptop or other personal computer. Many professors have gone paperless now, with homework, essays and assignments being completed fully online. Some exams and classes are even hosted online now, so it’s important to have a personal device to complete your coursework on time. Read more

 
Copyright © 2026
Elsass Financial Group

Weekly Market Insights – April 17, 2023

Weekly Market Insights – April 17, 2023

Lower Inflation Lifts Spirits In Uneven Week.

Presented by Elsass Financial Group

The combination of an improving inflation outlook resulted in a week of uneven, albeit positive, performance, in which cyclical and financial stocks rallied while technology, real estate, and utilities lagged. 

The Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 1.20%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 rose 0.79%. The Nasdaq Composite index increased 0.29% for the week. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, added 2.08%.1,2,3

Inflation Retreat

Stocks treaded water ahead of last week’s inflation data and the start of a new earnings season. Stocks rallied on a favorable March consumer inflation report, only to falter after the release of last month’s Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting minutes, which hinted at a potential recession later this year.

After reports of a more pronounced slowdown in producer prices on Thursday, stocks surged higher, with technology and communication services companies leading the charge. A weak retail sales number on Friday shaved the gains to close out the week.

Trending Lower

Last week provided fresh insight into inflation, and the news was encouraging.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose a very modest 0.1% in March, while the year-over-year increase in consumer prices was 5.0%, down from February’s 12-month rise of 6.0%. Declines aided the March report in groceries, gasoline, medical care, and utilities.4

The read on supplier prices was even more positive. The Producer Price Index (PPI), which many economists see as a signal of future consumer prices, declined 0.5%–the most significant monthly decline since 2020. The 12-month increase as of March was 2.7%, an easing from February’s year-over-year climb of 4.9%.5

This Week: Key Economic Data

Tuesday: Housing Starts.

Thursday: Jobless Claims. Existing Home Sales. Index of Leading Economic Indicators.

Friday: Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) Composite Flash.

Source: Econoday, April 14, 2023
The Econoday economic calendar lists upcoming U.S. economic data releases (including key economic indicators), Federal Reserve policy meetings, and speaking engagements of Federal Reserve officials. The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The forecasts or forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and may not materialize. The forecasts also are subject to revision.

This Week: Companies Reporting Earnings

Monday: The Charles Schwab Corporation (SCHW), M&T Bank Corporation (MTB).

Tuesday: Netflix, Inc. (NFLX), Bank of America Corporation (BAC), Johnson & Johnson (JNJ), Lockheed Martin Corporation (LMT), The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (GS) .

Wednesday: Tesla, Inc. (TSLA), IBM Corporation (IBM), Lam Research Corporation (LRCX), Abbott Laboratories (ABT), Morgan Stanley (MS), U.S. Bancorp (USB), United Airlines Holdings, Inc. (UAL).

Thursday: AT&T, Inc. (T), Blackstone, Inc. (BX), American Express Company (AXP), CSX Corporation (CSX), Union Pacific Corporation (UNP), D.R. Horton (DHI), Truist Financial Corporation (TFC).

Friday: The Procter & Gamble Company (PG), HCA Healthcare, Inc. (HCA), Freeport-McMoRan, Inc. (FCX), Regions FInancial Corporation (RF).

Source: Zacks, April 14, 2023
Companies mentioned are for informational purposes only. It should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of the securities. Investing involves risks, and investment decisions should be based on your own goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. The return and principal value of investments will fluctuate as market conditions change. When sold, investments may be worth more or less than their original cost. Companies may reschedule when they report earnings without notice.

“We may encounter many defeats but we must not be defeated.”

– Maya Angelou

Recordkeeping Tips For Small Business Owners

As a small business owner, your recordkeeping is of utmost importance. These records show your income, expenses, business transactions, and much more. You can choose whatever recordkeeping system you want if you and the IRS have the necessary information.

As a business owner, you will need to keep track of supporting documents such as:

  • Purchases
  • Sales
  • Payroll
  • Sales slips
  • Paid bills
  • Invoices
  • Receipts
  • Deposit slips
  • Canceled checks
  • Travel, transportation, entertainment, and gift expenses
  • Assets

Keeping your records well-organized will save you time, effort, and money.

*This information is not intended to substitute for specific individualized tax advice. We suggest you discuss your specific tax issues with a qualified tax professional.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov6

Take Time For Tea

Are you looking for a warm, cozy escape? Look no further than a cup of tea! A cup of chamomile tea even has some potential health benefits!

Here are just a few:

  • May lower blood sugar in people with diabetes and may prevent blood sugar from spiking.
  • May reduce inflammation
  • May help with sleep and relaxation
  • May help treat cold symptoms

Make time for tea!


Tip adapted from Medical News Today7

Two fathers and two sons shopped for computers at their local big box retailer. Each bought a PC, yet they purchased only three PCs in total. How could this be?

 

Last week’s riddle: I can’t walk, but at times I run, and I am challenging to hide. I am always with you. What am I?  Answer: Your nose.

Herd of Scandinavian Horses, Iceland

 

Footnotes And Sources


1. The Wall Street Journal, April 14, 2023

2. The Wall Street Journal, April 14, 2023

3. The Wall Street Journal, April 14, 2023

4. The Wall Street Journal, April 12, 2023

5. The Wall Street Journal, April 13, 2023

6. IRS.gov, August 8, 2022

7. Medical News Today, March 21, 2023

Investing involves risks, and investment decisions should be based on your own goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. The return and principal value of investments will fluctuate as market conditions change. When sold, investments may be worth more or less than their original cost.

The forecasts or forward-looking statements are based on assumptions, may not materialize, and are subject to revision without notice.

The market indexes discussed are unmanaged, and generally, considered representative of their respective markets. Index performance is not indicative of the past performance of a particular investment. Indexes do not incur management fees, costs, and expenses. Individuals cannot directly invest in unmanaged indexes. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average is an unmanaged index that is generally considered representative of large-capitalization companies on the U.S. stock market. Nasdaq Composite is an index of the common stocks and similar securities listed on the NASDAQ stock market and is considered a broad indicator of the performance of technology and growth companies. The MSCI EAFE Index was created by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) and serves as a benchmark of the performance of major international equity markets, as represented by 21 major MSCI indexes from Europe, Australia, and Southeast Asia. The S&P 500 Composite Index is an unmanaged group of securities that are considered to be representative of the stock market in general.

U.S. Treasury Notes are guaranteed by the federal government as to the timely payment of principal and interest. However, if you sell a Treasury Note prior to maturity, it may be worth more or less than the original price paid. Fixed income investments are subject to various risks including changes in interest rates, credit quality, inflation risk, market valuations, prepayments, corporate events, tax ramifications and other factors.

International investments carry additional risks, which include differences in financial reporting standards, currency exchange rates, political risks unique to a specific country, foreign taxes and regulations, and the potential for illiquid markets. These factors may result in greater share price volatility.

Please consult your financial professional for additional information.

This content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG is not affiliated with the named representative, financial professional, Registered Investment Advisor, Broker-Dealer, nor state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and they should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security.

Copyright 2023 FMG Suite.

Copyright © 2026
Elsass Financial Group

When Do You Need A Will?

When Do You Need A Will?

Copyright © 2026
Elsass Financial Group

Weekly Market Insights – April 17, 2023

Weekly Market Insights – April 10, 2023

Weekly Market Insights: Hiring Cools; Recession Fears Rise.

Stocks ended a shortened week of trading mixed amid revived recession fears on Wall Street triggered by weak economic data.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 0.63%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 slipped 0.10%. The Nasdaq Composite index lost 1.10% for the week. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, advanced +0.37%.1,2,3

Recession Fears Resurface

Renewed recession worries dented investor sentiment, and the week kicked off with a weekend announcement by OPEC+ nations of their intention to cut oil production.

The prospect of higher oil prices not only revived inflation fears, possibly hurting the chances of a rate-hike pause by the Fed, but it raised concerns over future consumer spending. Stocks weathered the news well but buckled on weak manufacturing and services data in subsequent days. Stocks trended lower again after a lower-than-expected open-jobs number and a slowdown in private-sector hiring.

Stocks stabilized to close on Thursday, despite an increase in jobless claims and a pick up in March layoffs.

Cooling Labor Market  

A string of labor reports last week reflected signs of a cooling labor market, beginning with an unexpectedly significant decline in the number of open jobs (falling below 10 million for the first time in nearly two years). The JOLTs report preceded payroll processor ADP’s employment report that saw a rise in private sector hiring of 145,000 (short of the consensus forecast of 210,000) and smaller wage gains.4, 5

After reports of a jump in initial jobless claims on Thursday and a 15% rise in layoffs in March, Friday’s March employment report showed the smallest increase in nonfarm payrolls (+236,000) since December 2020.6

This Week: Key Economic Data

Wednesday: Consumer Price Index (CPI). FOMC Minutes.

Thursday: Jobless Claims. Producer Price Index (PPI).

Friday: Retail Sales. Industrial Production. Consumer Sentiment.

Source: Econoday, April 7, 2023
The Econoday economic calendar lists upcoming U.S. economic data releases (including key economic indicators), Federal Reserve policy meetings, and speaking engagements of Federal Reserve officials. The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The forecasts or forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and may not materialize. The forecasts also are subject to revision.

This Week: Companies Reporting Earnings

Thursday: Delta Air Lines, Inc. (DAL)

Friday: JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM), Blackrock (BLK), UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (UNH), Citigroup, Inc. (C), The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (PNC)

Source: Zacks, April 7, 2023
Companies mentioned are for informational purposes only. It should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of the securities. Investing involves risks, and investment decisions should be based on your own goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. The return and principal value of investments will fluctuate as market conditions change. When sold, investments may be worth more or less than their original cost. Companies may reschedule when they report earnings without notice.

“Humanity will ever seek but never attain perfection. Let us at least survive and go on trying.”

– Dora Russell

How To Choose A Tax Preparer

It’s essential to choose a tax preparer that is suitable for your needs as well as reliable and ethical. After all, taxpayers are responsible for the info on their return, regardless of who prepared it.

Here are some tips from the IRS on how to choose a tax preparer who meets your needs:

  • Check the IRS Directory of Federal Tax Return Preparers
  • Check the preparer’s history with the Better Business Bureau
  • Ask about fees
  • Ask if the preparer plans to use e-file
  • Make sure the preparer is available
  • Ensure the preparer signs and includes their preparer tax identification number
  • Understand the preparer’s credentials

Choosing a reputable and reliable tax preparer can help protect you and your tax return.

*This information is not intended to substitute for specific individualized tax advice. We suggest you discuss your specific tax issues with a qualified tax professional.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov7

Two Top Benefits Of Garlic

Not only is garlic delicious, but it also has many potential health benefits (and no, one of them isn’t warding off vampires). Here are just two of the top benefits of garlic:

One of the most potent benefits of garlic is that it may help your immune system. A robust immune system can help combat sickness, including the common cold.

One large, 12-week study found that a daily garlic supplement reduced the number of colds by 63% compared to a placebo. The average length of cold symptoms was also reduced by 70%, from 5 days in the placebo group to just 1.5 days in the garlic group.

Improved Cholesterol
In addition, garlic may also improve cholesterol levels, lowering the risk of heart disease. Garlic may lower both total and LDL cholesterol (otherwise known as the “bad” cholesterol).

Tip adapted from Healthline8

I can’t walk, but at times I run, and I am challenging to hide. I am always with you. What am I?

 

Last week’s riddle: Two couples played paintball. Each person had blue, green, yellow, or red paint, and wore a uniform in one of those same colors. Barbara used blue paint. The person wearing green used yellow paint. Steven did not wear the red uniform. Vicki used green paint and wore blue. Ian used the same color paint as his t-shirt. Can you match each person to the color of paint and uniform they used?  Answer: Ian wore red and used red paint, Barbara wore yellow and used blue paint, Steven wore green and used yellow paint, Vicki wore blue and used green paint.

Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona  
 

Footnotes And Sources


1. The Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2023

2. The Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2023

3. The Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2023

4. CNBC, April 4, 2023

5. CNBC, April 5, 2023

6. CNBC, April 7, 2023

7. IRS.gov, September 20, 2022

8. Healthline, May 5, 2022

Investing involves risks, and investment decisions should be based on your own goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. The return and principal value of investments will fluctuate as market conditions change. When sold, investments may be worth more or less than their original cost.

The forecasts or forward-looking statements are based on assumptions, may not materialize, and are subject to revision without notice.

The market indexes discussed are unmanaged, and generally, considered representative of their respective markets. Index performance is not indicative of the past performance of a particular investment. Indexes do not incur management fees, costs, and expenses. Individuals cannot directly invest in unmanaged indexes. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average is an unmanaged index that is generally considered representative of large-capitalization companies on the U.S. stock market. Nasdaq Composite is an index of the common stocks and similar securities listed on the NASDAQ stock market and is considered a broad indicator of the performance of technology and growth companies. The MSCI EAFE Index was created by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) and serves as a benchmark of the performance of major international equity markets, as represented by 21 major MSCI indexes from Europe, Australia, and Southeast Asia. The S&P 500 Composite Index is an unmanaged group of securities that are considered to be representative of the stock market in general.

U.S. Treasury Notes are guaranteed by the federal government as to the timely payment of principal and interest. However, if you sell a Treasury Note prior to maturity, it may be worth more or less than the original price paid. Fixed income investments are subject to various risks including changes in interest rates, credit quality, inflation risk, market valuations, prepayments, corporate events, tax ramifications and other factors.

International investments carry additional risks, which include differences in financial reporting standards, currency exchange rates, political risks unique to a specific country, foreign taxes and regulations, and the potential for illiquid markets. These factors may result in greater share price volatility.

Please consult your financial professional for additional information.

This content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG is not affiliated with the named representative, financial professional, Registered Investment Advisor, Broker-Dealer, nor state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and they should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security.

Copyright 2023 FMG Suite.

Copyright © 2026
Elsass Financial Group

IRA Withdrawals that Escape the 10% Tax Penalty

IRA Withdrawals that Escape the 10% Tax Penalty

The reason withdrawals from a Traditional Individual Retirement Account (IRA) prior to age 59½ are generally subject to a 10% tax penalty is that policymakers wanted to create a disincentive to use these savings for anything other than retirement.1

Yet, policymakers also recognize that life can present more pressing circumstances that require access to these savings. In appreciation of this, the list of withdrawals that may be taken from a Traditional IRA without incurring a 10% early withdrawal penalty has grown over the years.

Penalty-Free Withdrawals

Outlined below are the circumstances under which individuals may withdraw from an IRA prior to age 59½ without a tax penalty. Ordinary income tax, however, generally is due on such distributions.

  1. Death — If you die prior to age 59½, the beneficiary(ies) of your IRA may withdraw the assets without penalty. However, if your beneficiary decides to roll it over into his or her IRA, he or she will forfeit this exception.2,3
  2. Disability — Disability is defined as being unable to engage in any gainful employment because of a mental or physical disability, as determined by a physician.4
  3. Substantially Equal Periodic Payments — You are permitted to take a series of substantially equal periodic payments and avoid the tax penalty, provided they continue until you turn 59½ or for five years, whichever is later. The calculation of such payments is complicated, and individuals should consider speaking with a qualified tax professional.4
  4. Home Purchase — You may take up to $10,000 toward the purchase of your first home. (According to the Internal Revenue Service, you also qualify if you have not owned a home in the last two years). This is a lifetime limit.
  5. Unreimbursed Medical Expenses — This exception covers medical expenses in excess of 7.5% of your adjusted gross income.
  6. Medical Insurance — This permits the unemployed to pay for medical insurance if they meet specific criteria.
  7. Higher Education Expenses — Funds may be used to cover higher education expenses for you, your spouse, children, or grandchildren. Only certain institutions and associated expenses are permitted.
  8. IRS Levy — Funds may be used to pay an IRS levy.
  9. Active Duty Call-Up — Funds may be used by reservists called up after 9/11/01, and whose withdrawals meet the definition of qualified reservist distributions.
  1. In most circumstances, once you reach age 73, you must begin taking required minimum distributions from a Traditional Individual Retirement Account (IRA). You may continue to contribute to a Traditional IRA past age 70½ as long as you meet the earned-income requirement.
    2. Distributions to a non-spouse beneficiary are generally required to be distributed by the end of the 10th calendar year following the year of the Individual Retirement Account (IRA) owner’s death. The new rule does not require the non-spouse beneficiary to take withdrawals during the 10-year period. But all the money must be withdrawn by the end of the 10th calendar year following the inheritance. A surviving spouse of the IRA owner, disabled or chronically ill individuals, individuals who are not more than 10 years younger than the IRA owner, and child of the IRA owner who has not reached the age of majority may have other minimum distribution requirements.
    3. Investopedia.com, March 5, 2022
    4. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Federal and state laws and regulations are subject to change, which may have an impact on after-tax investment returns. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation.

The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.

Copyright © 2026
Elsass Financial Group

Weekly Market Insights – April 17, 2023

Weekly Market Insights – April 3, 2023

Banking Crisis Fears Dim; Markets Rally

Presented by Elsass Financial Group

Stocks rallied last week on receding fears of a widening banking crisis, led by resurging investor interest in technology and communication services names.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 3.22%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 added 3.48%. The Nasdaq Composite index rose 3.37% for the week. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, advanced by 3.34%.1,2,3

Tech Leads Rally

An absence of further bad news in the banking sector made for a good week, with high-quality technology and communication services stocks leading the market. While easing banking worries laid the groundwork for the week’s positive gains, growing conviction that Fed rate hikes were ending and positive inflation data out of Europe helped support the renewed enthusiasm for stocks.

Encouraging inflation data on the domestic front on Friday also added to the gathering optimism, igniting further gains to cap a satisfying week for investors.

Inflation Grinds Lower 

In an otherwise news-light week, Friday saw the release of February’s personal income and outlays report, which provides insight into inflation and consumer expenditures, the dominant contributor to economic growth.

The Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index (PCE), the Fed’s preferred measure of inflation, rose 0.3% for the month, below market expectations and below the prior month’s 0.6% jump. The year-over-year increase of 5.0% improved from January’s rise of 5.3%. Energy prices declined, partially offsetting increases in food, goods, and services. Personal income rose 0.3%, while consumer spending increased 0.2%.4

This Week: Key Economic Data

Monday: Institute for Supply Management (ISM) Manufacturing Index.

Tuesday: Factory Orders. Job Openings and Turnover Survey (JOLTS).

Wednesday: ADP (Automated Data Processing) Employment Report. Institute for Supply Management (ISM) Services Index.

Thursday: Jobless Claims. 

Friday: Employment Situation.

Source: Econoday, March 31, 2023
The Econoday economic calendar lists upcoming U.S. economic data releases (including key economic indicators), Federal Reserve policy meetings, and speaking engagements of Federal Reserve officials. The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The forecasts or forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and may not materialize. The forecasts also are subject to revision.

This Week: Companies Reporting Earnings

Wednesday: Conagra Brands (CAG).

Thursday: Constellation Brands (STZ).

Source: Zacks, March 31, 2023
Companies mentioned are for informational purposes only. It should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of the securities. Investing involves risks, and investment decisions should be based on your own goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. The return and principal value of investments will fluctuate as market conditions change. When sold, investments may be worth more or less than their original cost. Companies may reschedule when they report earnings without notice.

“Our destiny is in our hands […] So let’s build the future we all know is possible. Let’s prove to our children that they really can reach for their dreams.”

– Michelle Obama

What Is The IRS Alternative Media Center?

The IRS Alternative Media Center offers a variety of resources and accessibility services for visually impaired taxpayers. Using this platform, they provide tax-related content in several formats, including:

  • Text-only
  • Braille-ready files (available in English and Spanish)
  • Browser-friendly HTML
  • Accessible PDF (available in English and Spanish)
  • Large print PDF (available in a variety of languages)

The IRS also offers enhanced accessibility services. Taxpayers can complete Form 9000, Alternative Media Preference, to choose how they would prefer to receive their tax notices (ex: in Braille, large print, audio, or electronic formats). They also have an accessibility helpline that can answer questions related to accessibility services.

*This information is not intended to substitute for specific individualized tax advice. We suggest you discuss your specific tax issues with a qualified tax professional.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov5

Controlling Different Kinds Of Light To Help You Sleep Better

Controlling your environment, including your exposure to light, may help you sleep better at night.

Increase bright light exposure during the day
We know it’s beneficial to keep your room dark while you sleep, but it’s also helpful to get more bright light throughout the day! This contrast may help reset your circadian rhythm.

Reduce blue light exposure at least an hour before bed
Blue light may make it hard for our brains to relax and go to sleep. Because of this, some sleep experts recommend limiting blue light at least an hour before bedtime. You can also turn “night mode” on, giving your device screens a gentler yellowish hue than blue light.

Tip adapted from WebMD6

Two couples played paintball. Each person had blue, green, yellow, or red paint, and wore a uniform in one of those same colors. Barbara used blue paint. The person wearing green used yellow paint. Steven did not wear the red uniform. Vicki used green paint and wore blue. Ian used the same color paint as his t-shirt. Can you match each person to the color of paint and uniform they used?

 

Last week’s riddle: Name three consecutive days without using the words Monday, Wednesday, Friday, or Sunday.  Answer: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow.

Atacama Desert, Chile  

 

Footnotes And Sources


1. The Wall Street Journal, March 31, 2023

2. The Wall Street Journal, March 31, 2023

3. The Wall Street Journal, March 31, 2023

4. CNBC, March 31, 2023

5. IRS.gov, January 4, 2023

6. WebMD.com, November 16, 2022

Investing involves risks, and investment decisions should be based on your own goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. The return and principal value of investments will fluctuate as market conditions change. When sold, investments may be worth more or less than their original cost.

The forecasts or forward-looking statements are based on assumptions, may not materialize, and are subject to revision without notice.

The market indexes discussed are unmanaged, and generally, considered representative of their respective markets. Index performance is not indicative of the past performance of a particular investment. Indexes do not incur management fees, costs, and expenses. Individuals cannot directly invest in unmanaged indexes. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average is an unmanaged index that is generally considered representative of large-capitalization companies on the U.S. stock market. Nasdaq Composite is an index of the common stocks and similar securities listed on the NASDAQ stock market and is considered a broad indicator of the performance of technology and growth companies. The MSCI EAFE Index was created by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) and serves as a benchmark of the performance of major international equity markets, as represented by 21 major MSCI indexes from Europe, Australia, and Southeast Asia. The S&P 500 Composite Index is an unmanaged group of securities that are considered to be representative of the stock market in general.

U.S. Treasury Notes are guaranteed by the federal government as to the timely payment of principal and interest. However, if you sell a Treasury Note prior to maturity, it may be worth more or less than the original price paid. Fixed income investments are subject to various risks including changes in interest rates, credit quality, inflation risk, market valuations, prepayments, corporate events, tax ramifications and other factors.

International investments carry additional risks, which include differences in financial reporting standards, currency exchange rates, political risks unique to a specific country, foreign taxes and regulations, and the potential for illiquid markets. These factors may result in greater share price volatility.

Please consult your financial professional for additional information.

This content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG is not affiliated with the named representative, financial professional, Registered Investment Advisor, Broker-Dealer, nor state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and they should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security.

Copyright 2023 FMG Suite.

Copyright © 2026
Elsass Financial Group